Air-gas machine



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v 0. M. KEMP.

AIRGAS MAGHINE.

No. 564,429. Patented July 21, 1896.

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C. M. KEMP. AIR GAS MACHINE. No, 564,429. I Patented July 21, 1896.

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G. M. KEMP.

AIR GAS MACHINE.

No. 564,429. Patented July 21, 1896.

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CLARENCE M. KEMP, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

AIR-GAS MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 564,429, dated July 2i,1896. Application filed July 26, 1895- Serial No. 557,256. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CLARENCE M. KEMP, a citizen of the United States,residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Air- Gas Machines,of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to an improved apparatus for combiningatmospheric air and the vapor of a hydrocarbon liquid in definite orpredetermined proportions in order to produce a gas of uniform quality.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figurel is an elevation, partly side view and partly in section, of theimproved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a View of the mixer separately. Fig. 3 isa view of the thermostatic cut-off device. Fig. i is a perspective viewof one of the water-cups belonging to the water-lifting wheel. Fig. 5 isa view showing the details of construction of the means for adjustingthe measured quantities of water delivered by the water-supply wheel.Fig. 6 is an end view of the adjustable water-funnel. Fig. 7 is anenlarged view of the floatvalve which regulates the supply ofhydrocarbon fluid. Fig. 8 is an elevation showing my invention appliedto a different style of air forcing and measuring device than that seenin Fig. 1.

The letter A designates a suitable air-forcing device, which is also inthe present instance a meter of well-known construction. The wheel ofthis meter is in the case A, and is mounted on the shaft B, which isrotated by a cord a, wound on a spool a on the shaft. A weight (notshown) attached to the cord causes the air measuring and forcing wheelto revolve. The pipe 0 delivers the air to the mixer D. A box orreceptacle E for water or other suit-able liquid contains a water-supplywheel F, which is mounted on the end of the shaft B of the meter-wheel.This wheel elevates water and supplies it in measured quantities to awater-wheel G," inclosed in another compartment H. The measured quantityof water delivered by the water-supply wheel may be varied, to suit therequirements, so as to be more or less, by means of an adjustmenthereinafter described. A pipe I) conveys the elevated and measuredwaterto .over again and again.

the compartment H, and delivers said water into the top of thepower-wheel G, and this latter wheel is thereby caused to revolve.Another pipe 1) leads from the bottom of the compartment H back to thereceptacle E. Adjoining the power-wheel compartment H is anothercompartment I for hydrocarbon liquid. The supply of liquid to thiscompartment is by a pipe 0, and is regulated by a valve d, which isgoverned by a float d. The pipe 0 leads from a reservoir or storage.(Not shown in the drawings.)

The hydrocarbon-compartment I contains a feed-wheel J, which is mountedon the same shaft 6 that carries thepower-wheel G. The feed-wheel Jcarries a number of small dippers f, which, when at their lowermostposition, are filled with the hydrocarbon liquid is, and as thefeed-wheel turns these filled clippers are emptied into a funnel g onthe upper end of a trapped pipe 71/, which leads to the mixer D.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that the supply of waterwhich turns the power-wheel G is measured by the water-lifting wheel F,and this latter is turned directly" by the shaft B of the wheel of themeter, and that the water which operates the powerwheel G runs back tothe receptacle E, and thus the same water is used in this operation Itwill also be seen that as the power-wheel G is not turned bya positivegearing, but is turned by definitelymeasured quantities of water, whichquantity maybe increased or diminished, as hereinafter described, thefeeding of the hydrocarbon liquid is under perfect control, and theproportion thereof relative to the air-supply may be varied as desired.

The air-delivery pipe 0, the oil-supply pipe h, and the mixerD areunited by a T-joint' 1'. Within the T-joint is an oil-spreader j, andboth air and oil pass below this spreader to the mixer. The mixer has acone-shaped diaphragm k, which is provided with small holes throughwhich both the air and oil pass downward to a funnel 70 and thencethrough a contracted throat Z to another mixer D of similarconstruction. Several of these mixers are mounted one above the'otherand all connected so that the air and oil are intimately associated, andthe air thus becomes carbureted. From the lower end of the mixer thegas-pipe L leads to the burners, where the gas is to be consumed.

The mixers D D are inclosed in a vertical jacket N, which contains water071, and this jacket is connected with a water-heater O by means of asmall and large circulating-pipe 'n n. The small pipe connects the lowerpart of the jacket with the lowerpart of the heater, and the large orreturn pipe n connects the upper part of the heater with the upper partof the jacket, and thereby a circulation is established when heat isapplied to the heater 0.

By inclosing the carburetor in a jacket through which heatedwatercirculates, a uniformity of temperature throughout the entiresurface of the carbureter is ,insured, and as the carbureter is entirelysurrounded by water no explosion or taking fire of gas could occur inthe event of the carbureter leaking. Flame is not in contact with thecarbureter at all.

A burner o is under the heater, and a pipe 11 supplies this burner withgas. I have provided a thermostatic cut-off to control the supply of gaspassing to the burner 0. One form is herein shown, but any othersuitable form may be used. The gas-pipe p 19 connects with the maingas-pipe L. (See Figs. 1 and 3.) From the main pipe the pipe 1) extendsdown into a neck q of a globe K, which contains mercury 1'. This globeis in the lower part of the water-jacket N, and the neck q passes out ofand is fitted water-tight in the wall of this jacket. An annular space qis formed in the neck between the down-pipe p and the wall of the neck,and this space is open at the bottom, so as to allow the mercury in theglobe, when it expands, to rise up in the said annular space. The lowerend of the down-pipe has a vertical slot 0". The pipe 19 connects withthe neck q and opens into the annular space q, and thence extends to theburner 0. Normally at the ordinary temperature the mercury in the globedoes not touch the lowerend of the down-pipep, and there is a freecommunication from the gas-pipe L to the globe K, annular space q, andfrom thence through pipes 19 to the burner 0. \Vhen the water in thejacket N warms up, the mercury expands until the temperature of thewater is raised to the maximum point, which is sufiicient to cause themercury 'r to rise in the neck and close the vertical slot 4- in thelower end of the pipe 19, and thereby cutoff the flow of gas from thegas-pipe L to the burner o, and thus prevent any increase of heat. Asmall pipe 0 from the gas-pipe L is fora constantlyburning j et-fiame torelight burner 0.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 5, and 6, the water-supply wheel F carriescups Q of special construction. These cups comprise a rectangularchamber having on one surface a funnel-shaped inlet .9, which is on theunder side of the cup when the cup is at the lowermost position, andsaid cup has on the opposite surface a number of drip-ribs 25, extendingsteam-cylinder A parallel and the extremities of the ribs curvin g up atone end of the cup. One end a of the cup is tight, but the other end isprovided with outlets a, being small holes, one hole adjoining thecurvedup extremity of each rib. The parallel drip-ribs extend in adirection at right angles with respect to the axis of the water-supplywheel F. By this construction when a cup Q is at the bottom of the wheelit dips in the water and fills at the funnel-shaped inlet .9, and whenthe cup is at the top of the wheel the water it holds will run out ofthe small outlet 10 and onto the ribs i, from which the water will dripinto the funnel R and pass therefrom by the pipe I) to the power-wheelGr.

The funnel R is movable horizontally in line or parallel with the axisof the water supply wheel F, and in its bottom has a discharge-nozzle t,which is immediately over a fixed funnel or box R, from which the pipe bleads. which fit in horizontal guides w. These two guides and the fixedbox 3 are supported by a bracket 10 IV hen the wheel F revolves, thecups Q, are carried over the funnel R, and said funnel is adjustablehorizontally, so as to take position below one, two, or any number ofthe drip-ribs 2!, as seen in Fig. 5. The means for shifting theadjustable funnel R is a worm'shaft so, which is turned by a handle orlever 00. This worm acts on a grooved lug y, fastened to the funnel. Itwill be seen that when the handle m is turned the funnel R will be movedin either direction on the guides 10, that is, toward the wheel F oraway from the said wheel, and thus the funnel may be set to catch thewater dropping from any desired number of the ribs t. In Fig. 5 thefunnel is shown as having position below four of these ribs t, but itmay be moved so as to take under only one or two ribs, 'or under five ormore, and thus the measured quantity of water may be varied, andconsequently the speed of rotation of the powerwheel G will be regulatedto cause the feedwheel to supply the hydrocarbon liquid slower orfaster, as desired.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that my inventionprovides means to elevate water or other liquid in measured quantitiesand supply it to operate a hydrocarbon feed-wheel, and this means isoperated by the movable part of the air-forcing meter. This combinationis believed to be new.

In Fig. 8 my invention is shown embodied in a modified form and inconnection with an air-forcing meter of a different type from that shownin Fig. 1.

In Fig. 8 the letter A designates the air forcing meter, which in thisinstance is an ordinary pump-cylinder having a piston, the rod a ofwhich is shown connected with a In this figure the mixer or carburetorinclosed in the water-jacket N, air-pipe G from meter A to the mixer,the water-wheel or power-wheel, which is in- The funnel R hasbase-flanges w, 7

closed by the case H, the hydrocarboncompartment I, which contains thefeed-wheel,hydrocarbon-pipe h, connecting with the mixer, heater 0, andthe various pipes connecting with the water jacket and heater, are allthe same as in Fig. 1; but the receptacle E, watersupply wheel F forelevating the water, and the means for adjusting the measured quantitiesof water delivered by the water-supply wheel, which are in Fig. 1, areall dispensed with in the apparatus shown in Fig. 8. These means in Fig.1 are operated by the movable part of the air-forcing meter, and in Fig.8 I have substituted other means which will produce the same results andwhich are operated by the movement of the piston of the airforcingcylinder A.

In Fig. 8 the piston-rod a has a pin 1, and an upright lever 2 has itslower end pivoted at 3 and its upper end provided with a slot 4, whichengages the said pin 1 on the pistonrod. Thus as the piston-rodreciprocates the lever 2 must vibrate on its pivot. A watersupply pumpor cylinder 5 has a piston-rod 6, a slideway 7, a cross-head 8, whichreciprocates on the slideway, and a rod 9 connects the lever 2 with saidcrosshead. Thus every movement or stroke of the piston a of theair-forcing pump A operates the piston of the Water-supply pump 5, whichin this instance is the substitute for the wheel F, (shown in Fig. 1,)which elevates the water and supplies it in measured quantities to thepower-wheel inclosed in the compartment H. The pipe I) conveys themeasured water to the compartment H, Where it serves to turn thepowerwheel, and the pipe b returns the Water to the supply-pump 5.

The quantity of water which the apparatus shown in Fig. 8 will measureand also elevate to the compartment H for driving the power-wheeltherein may be varied and adjusted to suit the requirements by simplyincreasing or diminishing the stroke of the piston in the water-supplypump 5. This is effected by providing a number of holes 10 in theupright lever 2, these holes extending in a line up and down the saidlever. The rod 9 may then be connected by a pin with either one of saidholes. Obviously the piston of pump 5 will make a longer or shorterstroke, according as the rod 9 is connected with a higher or lower holeon the lever 2.

It is immaterial how the wheel of the air-supplying meter is rotated.Other means than the cord, spool, and weight may be employed for thispurpose. The water-elevatin g wheel F, which receives its motion fromthe meterwheel, obviously, need not be mounted on the shaft of thelatter, but may be connected in any other way to said meter-wheel. Thisinvention includes a combination wherein a water-supplying wheel hasmovement imparted to it in exact accordance with the movement of thedevice which delivers and supplies air to the mixer or carbureter.

stituting the adjustable mechanism for varyin g the measured quantity ofliquid in the receptacle E for that in compartment I, or transposingsame,but for convenience I prefer the adjustment to be shown in thedrawings. WVhere steam is available,the water in waterjacket N can bedispensed with and the space in said jacket be charged with steaminstead. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a carbureter, the combination of an air-supplying meter; a mixeror carbureter a pipe leading from the air-supplying meter to the saidmixer; a feed-wheel provided with means to supply measured quantities ofhydrocarbon fluid to the'said mixer; a powerwheel turned byliquid andconnected with the said hydrocarbon feed-wheel; liquid-measuringmechanism connected with a movable part of the air-supplying meter; anda pipe leading from the liquid-measuring mechanism to the saidpower-wheel, whereby the movement of the air-supplying meter results indelivering measured quantities of liquid for driving the saidpower-wheel.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of an I air-supplying meter having arevoluble shaft; a mixer or carbureter; a feed-wheel supplyin g measuredquantities of hydrocarbon fluid to the mixer; a power-Wheel turned byliquid and connected with the said hydrocarbon feed-wheel; aliquid-elevating wheel driven directly by the revoluble shaft of theair-supplying meter and elevating measured quantities of liquid tosupply the said power-wheel; and a pipe, I), to return the liquid fromthe power-wheel to the liquid-elevating wheel to be again'used.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of an air-supplying meter; ahydrocarbon feedwheel, J; a power-wheel, G, turned by liquid and drivingthe said feed-wheel; a device to supply the liquid in measuredquantities to the said power-wheel; means for varying each measuredquantity of liquid supplied by the said liquid-supply device; a mixer orcarbureter; an air-pipe leading from the air-meter to the mixer; and apipeleading from the hydrocarbon feed-wheel to the mixer.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of an air-supplying meter; awater-elevating wheel receiving motion from the meter; a funnelhorizontally adjustable in line parallel with the axis of saidwater-elevating wheel to receive the elevated water; and means to shiftsaid funnel for varying each measured quantity of water supplied by saidwheel, as set forth.

5. In a carbureter, the combination of an air-supplying meter; ahydrocarbon feedwheel; a power-wheel turned by liquid and driving thesaid feed-wheel; a liquid-elevating device receiving motion directlyfrom the meter; a pipe to convey the elevated and measured liquid to thepower-wheel; and a pipe to return the liquid from the powenwheel to the1iquid-elevating device in order that the same liquid may be againelevated.

6. In a carbureter, the combination of a liquid-elevating Wheel providedwith cups each having a number of outlets in one end; a fixed funnel orbox having a pipe to carry oii the liquid; and a funnel horizontallyadjustable in a line parallel with the axis of CLARENCE M. KEMP.\Vitnesses:

CHAS. B. MANN, J12, O. CALVERT Hmns.

